When an electrical pulse of high voltage is applied to the ultrasonic transducer it vibrates across a specific spectrum of frequencies and generates a burst of sound waves. Whenever any obstacle comes ahead of the ultrasonic sensor the sound waves will reflect back in the form of echo and generates an electric pulse.The ultrasonic sensor works on the principle of SONAR and RADAR system which is used to determine the distance to an object.
An ultrasonic sensor generates the high-frequency sound (ultrasound) waves. When this ultrasound hits the object, it reflects as echo which is sensed by the receiver
By measuring the time required for the echo to reach to the receiver, we can calculate the distance. This is the basic working principle of Ultrasonic module to measure distance.
